MAPS

These maps depict Egypt as it changed through time. Here you can see the way that Egyptian borders transformed with each new ruler.

Upper Egypt is actually the southern part of Egypt, and Lower Egypt is in the northern part above it. They are called Upper and Lower not because of their geographic location, but because of the slope of the Nile River, which is higher in the south. The Nile flows north, all the way from Africa into the Mediterranean Sea.

Maps from the Ancient World Mapping Center.

Landscape of Ancient Egypt This is what the boundaries and borders of Ancient Egypt would have looked like during the Late Period, as it faced a series of occupations.	Ptolemaic Egypt In this map, the names of important cities and seas become known by the Greek language, as Egypt was taken over by Ptolemy at the beginning of the Macedonian Dynasty.	Roman Egypt Here you can see a change in the names again. Now the important cities and states all have Latin names. Even the Mediterranean Sea has been renamed with the Latin word for "middle sea." The borders had changed again, as the Roman Empire expanded farther into Africa than Ptolemaic Egypt did.
Late Roman Egypt The borders have changed here once again. Libya became its own province in the third century of Roman Egypt.	Early Byzantine Egypt When the Roman Empire ended in 476 CE, it was followed by the Byzantine Empire, which continued to hold most of its land and spoke the same language for many centuries. The Byzantines lost more land to invaders, as you can see with the changing borders here.

Egypt's Neighbors

Ancient Near East Showing the locations of the Mesopotamian peoples in relation to Ancient Egypt.	Wider View of the Ancient Near East	Ancient Greece Detailed map of Ancient Greece showing the many islands in the Aegean Sea.
Map of Roman Empire This map is written in Latin, the ancient language of the Roman Empire (or the Imperium Romanum, as the Romans would have called it.) Here you can see the immense territory the Romans controlled at the height of their Empire.	Imperium Romanum A more detailed map of the Roman Empire.

MAPS

Landscape of Ancient Egypt

This is what the boundaries and borders of Ancient Egypt would have looked like during the Late Period, as it faced a series of occupations.

Ptolemaic Egypt

In this map, the names of important cities and seas become known by the Greek language, as Egypt was taken over by Ptolemy at the beginning of the Macedonian Dynasty.

Roman Egypt

Here you can see a change in the names again. Now the important cities and states all have Latin names. Even the Mediterranean Sea has been renamed with the Latin word for "middle sea." The borders had changed again, as the Roman Empire expanded farther into Africa than Ptolemaic Egypt did.

Late Roman Egypt

The borders have changed here once again. Libya became its own province in the third century of Roman Egypt.

Early Byzantine Egypt

When the Roman Empire ended in 476 CE, it was followed by the Byzantine Empire, which continued to hold most of its land and spoke the same language for many centuries. The Byzantines lost more land to invaders, as you can see with the changing borders here.

Egypt's Neighbors

Ancient Near East

Showing the locations of the Mesopotamian peoples in relation to Ancient Egypt.

Wider View of the Ancient Near East

Ancient Greece

Detailed map of Ancient Greece showing the many islands in the Aegean Sea.

Map of Roman Empire

This map is written in Latin, the ancient language of the Roman Empire (or the Imperium Romanum, as the Romans would have called it.) Here you can see the immense territory the Romans controlled at the height of their Empire.

Imperium Romanum

A more detailed map of the Roman Empire.